Schizophrenia And Its Effects On Society - 1819 Words

Schizophrenia is a severe brain disorder in which it is hard to distinguish the difference between what is real and what is not. Schizophrenia has been found throughout recorded history but was not considered a worthy medical condition until the eighteenth century. It is also considered today a leading public health problem that has enormous personal and economic costs worldwide. Schizophrenia involves a disturbance of thought, perception, emotion, movement, and behavior. The symptoms vary across different patients as well as across time but it’s consistently considered severe and requires lifelong treatment. Schizophrenia is categorized into five different subcategories. The causes of schizophrenia is disputed among experts and there are many different theories regarding the etiology of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia has been recorded in Ancient Greece by early Greek physicians. Physicians described common symptoms such as delusions of grandeur, paranoia, and deterioration in cognitive functions but scholars argue whether these behaviors were associated with schizophrenia as it is seen today. Schizophrenia studies and treatment did not begin until the eighteenth century. By the nineteenth century, most psychotic disorders were viewed as insanity. The identification of this insanity enabled Emil Kraeplin to differentiate two patterns of insanity into manic-depression psychosis and dementia praecox. Dementia praecox is what schizophrenia would be known as until 1911 where itShow MoreRelatedSchizophrenia And Its Effects On Society1739 Words   |  7 Pages Abstract Schizophrenia is one of the largest most delirious disorders that affect individuals all over the world. An individual diagnosed with schizophrenia loses touch of reality, confused by the world within their head and the outside world a.k.a. reality. If left untreated schizophrenia could have a largely negative impact on the individual and others around them. Because of this it is highly important that schizophrenics get the treatment they need, such as antipsychotic drugs, to get backRead MoreSchizophrenia And Its Effects On Society1195 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia is a considered a severely chronic, disabling brain disease. Sufferers that have schizophrenia tend to experience hallucinations, delusions and sometimes distorted reality. When an individual is diagnosed with schizophrenia, they are physically inept to acting out â€Å"everyday functions†. With careful research, it is now known nearly one percent of the American population develops schizophrenia. Unfortun ately, that portion is about two million american citizens and the numbers are slowlyRead MoreSchizophrenia And Its Effects On Society1464 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to World Health Organization schizophrenia is listed as the second highest contributor to overall burden of diseases. Schizophrenia is one of the most tragic diseases a human being can be afflicted with. The disorder involves disturbances in perception, thought, behavior, language, emotion and communication. The onset of symptoms begins most commonly in people who fall in the category of late teens to early twenties. In the United States alone one half to two and a half percent of the populationRead MoreTreatments For Schizophrenia And Its Effects On Society1028 Words   |  5 Pages Treatments for Schizophrenia M. Arah Enoh Southwestern Oklahoma State University Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe brain disorder which causes people to have odd thoughts, disturbed emotions and motor abnormalities (Carpenter, 2015). It is usually followed by psychosis, disconnecting from reality. People sometimes hear thoughts; some may think others are plotting against them. Even though individuals with schizophrenia have split personalities, it does not mean they are violent orRead MoreJohn Forbes Nash, Jr.1739 Words   |  7 PagesPrize in Economic Sciences. In 1959, while he was teaching at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), he displayed some symptoms of Paranoid Schizophrenia. He suffered from hallucinations and delusions. Once he said that he has encrypted messages from outer space. People thought it was a joke, but they didn t know that he was suffering from Schizophrenia. After his illness, he resigned from MIT and went to Europe. When he came back, he mostly hanged around Princeton campus and wrote about himselfRead MoreSocial Stigma Associa ted With Mental Illnesses1725 Words   |  7 Pagespeople with schizophrenia by heavily sedating them with meds humane, and does it give them a fair shot at life? I believe that in today’s day and age in society, there is a negative social stigma associated with mental illnesses, specifically Schizophrenia, and that not a lot of time, thought, or effort goes into getting these people the help they so desperately need, to ensure that they can still live a healthy life. When it comes to the treatment options for people with Schizophrenia, there areRead MoreA Brief Description of Schizophrenia1135 Words   |  5 Pagesschizophrenia.com schizophrenia is a complex, debilitating mental disorder that 1-2% of the world population experience. It is a disorder of the brain that affects how people think, feel, and perceive. The purpose of this paper is to explore schizophrenia, in particular its signs, symptoms, etiology and pathophysiology, and then examine drug treatment and their mechanism of action. This will be followed by the prognosis for people with schizophrenia. Signs and Symptoms Early signs of schizophrenia includeRead MoreSchizophrenia Case Study1627 Words   |  7 Pageswith schizophrenia compared with second year students although 38.7 % of the sixth-year students still perceived individuals with schizophrenia as being dangerous. Recently, Danaci and colleagues (32) recruited 106 freshman medical school students, who did not receive any theoretical or practical training on psychiatry. After 5 years, students who completed their psychiatry internship were recruited again. Their results revealed that students’ attitudes toward individuals with schizophrenia changedRead MoreSeizures and the Brain1084 Words   |  4 Pagescomponent in the biological paradigm for treatment of schizophrenia. At this early stage of understanding schizophrenia’s pathology, it was believed these chemicals were imbalanced and shocking the brain would force a rebalance of these vital chemicals. Once rebalanced, it was hypothesized the patient would no longer suffer f rom schizophrenia (Tharyan, 2005). The insight into treating neurotransmitter imbalances in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia began the treatment path to present day antipsychoticRead MoreSarah and Angela The Many Misconceptions and Misunderstandings of Schizophrenia Misunderstood with1200 Words   |  5 PagesAngela The Many Misconceptions and Misunderstandings of Schizophrenia Misunderstood with the assistance of popular stigmas and stereotypes, schizophrenia and its severity is often degraded and overlooked by the public. Wrongly feared and shunned, individuals with schizophrenia have too commonly been judged throughout human history and even today. Many aspects of the disease are failed to be truly understood and represented, from the effects of the disease to the availability of treatment. Favored

The Immigration Act Of 1924 - 1399 Words

Throughout history, immigration has remained a complex and influential piece of presidential policy—from the Age of Mass Migration, which led to the Immigration Act of 1924, to present day policy, which may result in the construction of a border wall. The debate on immigration remains contentious, inspiring emotional and empirical arguments by politicians and the public alike. Many of these aspects are discussed and defined within Abramitzky, Boustan, and Eriksson’s paper â€Å"A Nation of Immigrants: Assimilation and Economic Outcomes in the Age of Mass Migration† and Peri’s paper â€Å"Immigrants, Productivity, and Labor Markets,† which analyze American immigration, both past and present. From these papers, it is evident that adopting a nativist†¦show more content†¦It does not, however, confirm the belief in the frequency that appears to drive support of the Trump administration’s immigration policy. Although events such as San Bernardino in 2015 provide anecdotal evidence of immigrants committing acts of extreme violence, these events are extremely rare. Nonetheless, tragedies such as these inevitably grab headlines and capture the attention of millions of Americans across the country. Tragedies such as the attack in San Bernardino hold strong emotional appeal to proponents for restrictive immigration policy. However, these rare and uncontrollable events should not provide the base of logic for America’s national immigration policy as they are not a proxy for immigrant behavior as a whole. Various statistics regarding crime among immigrants may reveal an underlying reason for lower crime rates, which is that the majority of immigrants understand the implications of committing a crime and know that it would not be in their best interest as a new member of the country they wish to call home. Natives, moreover, have crime rates five times that of immigrants. This demonstrate s the potential positive externalities that immigrants contribute to the social sphere by lowering the crime rate and acting as models within urban America. Concern over the effect immigrants have on the earnings prospects of natives has been another major contributor in fueling a more nativist immigration policy.Show MoreRelatedThe Immigration Act Of 19241732 Words   |  7 Pagesbecame, and still is, a promised land for many. As a result, immigration has become a pivotal topic in the American culture and with time, the dynamics of immigration has changed due to a shifting of focus between different immigrant groups. From the Chinese exclusion act in 1882 to the Immigration Act of 1924, which restricted Eastern European immigrants’ access to the USA, different groups of people have been the principal focus of immigration reform (HISTORY Corporation, 2009). Since the early-20thRead MoreThe Immigration Act Of 19241198 Words   |  5 Pageswealth, their immigration records may flux. You sometimes hear people say that they were born in America so they are a native but in the words of Franklin D. Roosevelt â€Å"Remember, remember always, that all of us, and you and I especially, are descended from immigrants and revolutionists.† According to The Immigration Act of 1924 article, the U.S. government had limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the country through a national origins quota. The quota provided immigration visas to twoRead MoreOn March 22, 2016, The Library Of Congress Issued A Press1739 Words   |  7 PagesOn March 22, 2016, the Library of Congress issued a press release outlining their decision to alter their subject heading pertaining to immigration. In the official press release, the Library of Congress outlined their reasoning behind changing their pejorative headings. â€Å"Alien† and â€Å"illegal alien†. The Public and Standards Division of the Library of Congress cited outcry from the immigrant community, as o ne of their major reasons for their reevaluation. In response, on May 10, Tea Party RepublicRead MoreImmigration : How It s Changed And Stayed The Same1727 Words   |  7 Pages Immigration How It’s Changed and Stayed the Same Gilardo Gonzalez Ms.Ferguson Ap US History, Block 4 09/06/15 Immigration has changed a lot throughout the years in American history, not only in laws about immigration, but about places where immigrants came from, and the different races that immigrated. These factors have changed throughout history by shaping the social and economic aspects of the United States. Immigration has changed for the better and for the worse. It has goneRead MoreThe Immigration Of The United States And Germany840 Words   |  4 PagesI. Introduction A. What is Immigration? i. Immigration is the act of coming to live permanently in a foreign country. ii. Constantine compares the desire to migrate to an urge , â€Å"People seem to be drawn toward those places which offer a promise of better- ing life, by an urge which is as relent- less as that which impels water in its course.† iii. Before the era of rapid communications and transportation, America encouraged relatively open immigration to settle its empty lands. B. Why Do PeopleRead MoreImmigration Reform Is Needed For Our Country880 Words   |  4 PagesImmigration reform is desperately needed for our country; otherwise unauthorized immigration will continue to be on the forefront of our country’s problems. Obtaining a visa for any reason has become an extremely difficult process, and many immigrants do not even qualify to apply. There are approximately 11.3 million undocumented immigrants in the United States. Prior to 1882, when the Chinese Exclusionary Act was passed, the United States had open borders. Immigration was further restricted withRead MoreImpact Of Immigration On The United States1017 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica has always been a country of immigrants. During the 1891 to 1924, over twenty million immigrants came to the U.S. (Daniels, 1997, p. viii). Several pieces of key legislation were also passed during that time that affected immigrants. America’s view at this time reflected that of strong Nativism. Sever al anti-immigration groups had their fair share of influence in political affairs that had a negative affect on certain groups. This paper will outline the events that led to three pieces ofRead More Immigration Restriction Law of 1924 Essay788 Words   |  4 Pages The immigration act of 1924 was really the first permanent limitation on immigration. This limitation was like a quota system that only aloud two percent instead of the three percent of each foreign born group living in the United states in 1890. Like it say in Document A â€Å"Under the act of 1924 the number of each nationality who may be admitted annually is limited to two per cent of the population of such nationality resident in the United States according to the census of 1890.† Using the 1890Read MoreThese Quotas Made It Very Clear On Who Was And Was Not1628 Words   |  7 Pagesobligation to protect against those fears. The quotas allowed for those reservations to hide behind numbers set by the governmen t. The 1924 Johnson-Reed Act exposed the anxieties Americans were feeling about the ‘outsider’. Through the government and the passage of this act, the government was able to give the American people a sense of security. The Walter McCarren Act of 1952 addressed the unease of society and the government over immigrants who could not fit in to the social order of the United StatesRead MoreThe Golden Door : The Land Of Economic Opportunity1255 Words   |  6 Pagespassed many immigration laws due to the massive growth of people in the United States. In 1910 the first law that was passed allowed only 3 percent of immigrants into our country. In 1917 the United States congress passed the first widely restrictive law regarding immigration. The 1917 act made a requirement that all immigrants over the age of 16 needed to pass a literacy test which demonstrated basic reading comprehension. The act of 1917 had many important provisions paving the way for the act of 1924

Choosing Architecture as a career Essay Example For Students

Choosing Architecture as a career Essay People need places to live, work, play, learn, worship, meet, govern, shop, and eat. Architects, which transform these needs into concepts and then develop the concepts into building images and plans that can be constructed by others, are licensed professionals trained in the art and science of building design. Architecture interests me the most because it gives me the ability to express my imagination. The type of education that will prepare me for a Job in architecture is a Professional Degree in Architecture, which must come from one of the 111 schools of architecture tit degree programs accredited by the National Architectural Accrediting Board NASA. I will also need to attend and achieve a five-year Bachelor of Architecture programs intended for students, like myself, entering from high school or with no previous architectural training. In addition to that, a number of schools offer a two- year Master of Architecture program for students with a professional undergraduate degree in architecture or a related area, or a three to four-year Master of Architecture program for students with a degree in another discipline. Many schools f architecture also offer post-professional degrees for those who already have a bachelors or masters degree in architecture or other areas. Other abilities may include artistic, drawing ability, and good communication skills will help with the presentations that you will have to do for you clients to sell your ideas. You should also have the ability to work independently or as a team, creativity, computer aided design and drafting CAD,and computer literacy (two and three dimensional drafting, and financial management). All States and the District of Columbia require individuals to be registered before they may call themselves architects. Employment of architects is strongly tied to the level of local construction, particularly nonresidential structures such as office buildings, shopping centers, schools, and health care facilities. Because construction-particularly office and retail-is sensitive to cyclical changes in the economy, architects will face particularly strong competition for Jobs of clients during recessions, and layoffs may occur. Those involved in the design of institutional buildings will be less affected by fluctuations in the economy. Architects who are licensed to practice in one state must meet the licensing requirements of other states before practicing elsewhere. Obtaining licenser in other states, after initially receiving licenser in one state, is known as reciprocity, and is much easier if an architect has received certification from the National Council of Architectural Registration Boards. The median annual earnings of architects were $52,510 in 2000. The middle 50% earned between $41,060 and $67,720. The lowest 10% earned less than $32,540 and the highest 10% earned more than $85,670. Earning in different architectural firms ay vary because of changing business conditions. Some architects may have some beginning their own practices and may go through a period when their expenses are greater than their income, requiring great financial resources. Architects usually work in a comfortable environment. Most of their time is spent in offices consulting with clients, developing reports and drawings, and working with other architects and engineers. However, they often visit the construction sites to review the progress of projects. They may occasionally be under stress, with working nights and weekends, trying to make deadlines. In 2000, almost half of all architects worked more than 40 hours a week, in comparison to about 1 in 4 workers in all occupations combined. The field of architecture interests me because I love to draw and it will allow me to express myself in a way that everyone will notice no matter what project I work on. I also love to work with computers so I will have no problem understanding any of the programs used to draft and draw on the computer with programs such as CAD. I also like to build models of things that may someday become a building. That is why the field of architecture interests me.

Who Moved My Cheese Essay Example

Who Moved My Cheese Paper The message from the book Who Moved My Cheese was that if you want something in life you have to go out and get it and that no one hand is going to hand it to you. Meaning there will be changes in your life and you have to be willing to accept it; and not be afraid of the word change. Because if youre not willing to open up to change life will pass you by without looking back. The character I can say I identify the most is the mouse which was Haw. My reason for saying this Is because Haw was a person who wasnt willing to accept change at first because his friend kept telling him how he didnt want to accept it because he was scared and that Hem kept saying how there was nothing better out there for them. So instead of Haw doing what he wanted to do he kept listening to his friend and not his heart. But at the end he was starting to open up to change, and he saw that change was good for him. I would have to say my cheese is my future goal which Is to be a physical therapist assistant. However I cant be a Haw anymore I have to be a Scurry who sees whats deed and take action to it immediately. We will write a custom essay sample on Who Moved My Cheese specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Who Moved My Cheese specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Who Moved My Cheese specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I cant Just sit around and not think Im going to become a PTA by being a Haw who takes their time opening up to change when I need to be willing to open to It a little quicker. The character I can relate to someone I know Is Hem. I can relate Hem to someone Is because they wasnt willing to accept change at all. They were the best athlete In high school, and everyone looked up to them. But when It was time for them to graduate from high school and attend college she was so excited because she was going to try-out for the basketball am. Until the day It finally came to try-out, the coaches were giving plays to run and she didnt run them because she use to come up with her own plays Like In high school; and her coach would run them and she felt Like she was In charge all the time. But she wasnt willing to accept change which her change was running the college plays thats really going to help them win on that college level and her not being In charge. Then when try-outs was over and they posted who all made It on the team she noticed that her name wasnt on the list, and she was devastated. However he lesson I can learn from her Is that I have to be always be willing to adapt to change no matter what, Like my mommy always said dont knock It until you try It because you might end up Liking It. , this can help me In college because I know Ill face somethings and Ill have to adapt to the atmosphere around me but at the end Its Just me facing change In my life. My personal review on this book Is that I really somewhat enjoyed this book. It taught me that theyre plenty people In the world who are afraid of change and Its okay long as youre not Like a Hem whos not willing to accept change. But overall this was a great book and I would require many people to read It thats scared of change. Who Moved My Cheese By Brown identify the most is the mouse which was Haw. My reason for saying this is because would have to say my cheese is my future goal which is to be a physical therapist assistant. However I cant be a Haw anymore I have to be a Scurry who sees whats when I need to be willing to open to it a little quicker. The character I can relate to someone I know is Hem. I can relate Hem to someone is because they wasnt willing o accept change at all. They were the best athlete in high school, and everyone looked up to them. But when it was time for them to graduate from high school and team. Until the day it finally came to try-out, the coaches were giving plays to run and she didnt run them because she use to come up with her own plays like in high school; and her coach would run them and she felt like she was in charge all the being in charge. Then when try-outs was over and they posted who all made it on the the lesson I can learn from her is that I have to be always be willing to adapt to hang no matter what, like my mommy always said dont knock it until you try it because you might end up liking it. , this can help me in college because I know Ill face something and Ill have to adapt to the atmosphere around me but at the end its Just me facing change in my life. My personal review on this book is that I really somewhat enjoyed this book. It taught me that theyre plenty people in the world who are afraid of change and its okay long as youre not like a Hem whos not willing to read it thats scared of change.

Psychoactive Drugs Essay Example

Psychoactive Drugs Essay Example Psychoactive Drugs Essay Psychoactive Drugs Essay Psychoactive Drugs are chemical substances that alter behavior, mood, perception, or mental functioning. Through the consumption of substances many cultures have found ways to alter consciousness. Psychoactive substances apply their effects by transforming biochemical or physiological processes in the brain. The message system of nerve cells, or neurons, relies on both electrical and chemical transmission. Neurons rarely touch each other; there is a microscopic gap between one neuron and the next, called the synapse. When a neuron fires, it releases chemicals called neurotransmitters into the synapse. Psychoactive drugs act by altering neurotransmitter function, they bind to the site of the firing neuron and inhibit this process so the neurotransmitters remain in the synapse, where they extend and increase the normal effect. The drugs can be separated into six key pharmacological classes based on their desired behavioral or psychological effect: alcohol, sedative-hypnotics, hallucinogens, narcotic analgesics, stimulant-euphoriants, and psychotropic drugs. The most used psychoactive substance is alcohol, which is also the only psychoactive drug legally available without a prescription in most countries. Enjoyable relaxation is often the ideal effect from alcohol consumption, but intoxication weakens judgment and motor performance, as well as brings on a feeling of exhilaration, and exaltation followed by sleep. Alcohol is a stimulant at first but after more is consumed it becomes a depressant. Alcohol is addictive. Continual use of alcohol can lead to disease known as alcoholism. Alcoholism can be classified as a chronic illness, psycho, somatic, or psychosomatic. It manifests itself as disorder of behavior. When consumed continually, alcohol consumption can be extremely harmful to the liver and brain cells, as well as physiologically addicting, generating hazardous withdrawal symptoms. It is possible to overdose from alcohol. Alcohol increases danger when taken with other types of drugs. Sedative-hypnotics, such as diazepam, amytat or barbiturates, more commonly known as the brand ‘Valium’, are all types of brain depressants. To assist people in sleeping, doctors often prescribe sedative-hypnotics. They can also be prescribed to calm people without causing sleep, because some may contain anti-anxiety agents. Sedative-Hypnotics are also used illegally to create relaxation, tranquility and euphoria. Overdoses of such drugs can prove to be fatal; they may also be physiologically addicting and may produce life threatening withdrawal symptoms. Barbiturates are extremely dangerous if injected and highly addictive. If they are taken to help a person sleep for a few nights in a row then after the person stops taking them it will have become impossible to sleep without them. Barbiturates create tolerance. The withdraw symptoms can be very painful to the user. A person who is withdrawn from barbiturates craves for them, they feel discomfort, and cannot sleep. In some situations withdrawal can cause major epileptic seizures, which makes it possible to die from barbiturate withdrawal. Barbiturates should only be used under doctor supervision. They aren’t pleasant or enjoyable since they lack euphoric content and the social lubrication that is produced by alcohol consumption. They create a dark, blank oblivion, because of this they are usually taken by people who hate him or herself or life. Hallucinogens or psychedelic drugs as they are sometimes referred to, or more commonly known as marijuana (which is a very weak hallucinogen), LSD (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide), mescaline, or PCP’s (Phencyclidine), have little medical use. These drugs are taken illegally to alter perception and thinking patterns. Hallucinogens all have the same risks that a person faces when choosing to take a form of hallucinogen. Those risks are increased heart rate and blood pressure, sleeplessness and tremors, lack of muscular coordination, sparse, mangled and incoherent speech, as well as convulsions, comas, and heart and lung failure, decreased awareness of touch and pain that can result in self- inflected wounds. People who take these drugs are also faced who psychological effects such as a sense of distance and estrangement, depression, anxiety, and paranoia, violent behavior, confusion, suspicion, and loss of control, plus flashbacks, and behavior similar to schizophrenic psychosis, in addition to catatonic syndrome which is when a user becomes mute, lethargic, disoriented or makes meaningless repetitive movements. When taken in low quantities, marijuana, which is scientifically known as cannabis, becomes a depressant drug, which slows down the body’s systems. In the early 19th century the use of ‘dope’ spread to Europe from the Middle East and China, and by the middle of the century onto America. In 1937, cannabis was made illegal to possess and sell in the U. S. it has still being used as a popular recreational substance by some people. However, in some places it is still legal to smoke marijuana for medical purposes, because it suppresses nausea caused by chemotherapy, and possibly reduces eye pressure in severe cases of glaucoma. Pupils may become dilated, heart rate and blood pressure may increase, or a sense of well-being and relaxation all can occur, there are many more side effects that may transpire if LSD is taken. Morphine is the most effective painkiller. Morphine is what is left in the unripe seedpods of the opium poppy after the milky juice has been extracted. Morphine doesn’t diminish pain but changes the way a person perceives it, because of this morphine has become one of the most valuable drugs in medicine. Morphine is addictive and it creates a tolerance so that a person who takes morphine needs to take more every time to reach the same relief. This drug can cause death because it depresses the function in the brain that controls breathing and so a person taking high doses of morphine can go into respiratory arrest. Codeine is an alkaloid drug that is derived from opium. Codeine is often prescribed as an analgesic, cough suppressant or a hypnotic, because it has effects similar to morphine. Heroin is the most dangerous and expensive narcotic analgesic. The greatest risk from injection of heroin is death from overdose. In one year in the US 1% of all heroin addicts will die despite having a high tolerance for heroin in their system. Tolerance to heroin can change from day to day; studies are being done to see if it is because of change of environment. Heroin gives the user a much more euphoric experience than any other opiate, but has fewer side effects. There are several different forms of heroin. Pharmaceutical heroin was illegally available in the 1960’s as a white powder this form was obtained from pharmacy and hospital thefts, or in ‘Jacks’ a 10mg tablet made specifically for injection. Today the most seen form of pharmaceutical heroin is dry amp, which is injectable and can be bought in 10mg, 60mg, and 100mg. This drug is often referred to as the ‘holy grail for opiate users’. Far eastern heroin came to America after laws changed and heroin became illegal. It became very hard for addicts to get heroin so they turned to the black market where the Chinese met the demand for heroin. This type of heroin came in two different brands: Pink Elephant and Tiger Rice Brand. Amphetamine is structurally related to ephedrine and adrenaline. Amphetamine is a cheap and synthetic alternate to ephedra. It is commonly used to dilate the small bronchial sacs in lungs. These drugs are prescribed for depression, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, travel-sickness, night-blindness, and obesity, narcolepsy, impotency, hyperactivity in children, and boredom in seniors. When used amphetamines release excitatory neurotransmitters, dopamine, and noradrenaline, from where it is stored in the central nervous system. Amphetamines can be sniffed, swallowed, snorted or injected. It induces exhilarating feelings of power, strength; energy, self-assertion, focus, and enhanced motion, the need to sleep and eat disappear. When the dopamine is released, it induces a sense of euphoria, which unlike cocaine, can last for many hours. Since the body does not readily break down amphetamines, feelings are intensified. After the euphoria ends, then the user feels intense depression and fatigue. Speed is one form of amphetamine that is commonly linked with violent and anti-social behavior. When used in small doses and infrequently it has relatively no harmful effect on the body, but when used heavily in chronic doses it can lead violent behavior, depressive disorders and â€Å"meth bugs†. Speed is a cocaine-induced formication and has a strain on the cardiovascular system which causes increased behavioral disintegration and outright â€Å"amphetamine psychosis†. A common drug that is mainly associated with the rave and nightclub scene is Ecstasy, it is actually called MDMA. Ecstasy or ‘E’ is a psychedelic amphetamine, which produces strong feelings of comfort, empathy, and connection to others. It is often bought in tablets and taken orally but can also be crushed into a powder and snorted. Sometimes ‘E’ is used in therapy to get the patient to open up since the therapist will no longer seem like a doctor but more like a loved one. Methamphetamine is very addictive and creates tolerance. When used, they create a feeling of extreme elation, wakefulness, alertness, enhanced self-confidence, aggression, talkativeness, loss of appetite, increased initiative, and an increase in physical activities, which is followed by prolonged depression and fatigue. When bought on the street it is an odorless white or off-white bitter powder, or else in pills, capsules, or large crystals. It is frequently snorted, but can be swallowed, smoked or injected. When it is smoked the effects can be prolonged for up to twenty-four hours. When it is smoked in it’s base form methamphetamines are generally called snot because of the resemblance between the drug and the mucus from a nose. Withdrawal creates severe cravings, deep depression, fatigue, apathy, paranoia, and psychosis. A form of Methamphetamine is Ice or Crystal Meth, which is crystallized methamphetamine hydrochloride, is a powerful stimulant. The clear, crystallized chunks dissolve in water and breaks down to smaller particles. This drug induces a profound sense of euphoria in users by blocking the reuptake in the brain and stimulating the release of dopamine and noradrenaline in the central nervous system. It is frequently labeled the ‘Power Drug’. Cocaine came into common use after a German doctor issued it to Bavarian Soldiers in 1883. Cocaine is a naturally derived central nervous system stimulant that is extracted and refined from the coca plant, which is grown primarily in the Andean region of South America. It is a whitish powder, which is bitter and numbing to taste. It is often snorted but can also be injected or swallowed. Since it burns instead of vaporizing it cannot be smoked but a derivative was produced called crack, which is used for smoking. Removing a hydrochloride from cocaine makes crack. Both cocaine and crack are highly addictive and creates tolerance. Cocaine and crack use during pregnancy can cause major problems including birth defects and stillbirths. Cocaine or crack can be passed to the baby through breastfeeding. Psychoactive drugs are both helpful and harmful and by categorizing them it is possible to tell which part of the brain they stimulate. The search for euphoria is not that abnormal. Our bodies hold us back and it is human nature to want to get around this. Naturally some people are drawn in by the appeal of drugs. These wishes are not naive and they are not essentially evil. Perhaps before attempting to experiment with drugs it is important to first understand them. Drugs do not give us any new sensations; they only intensify existing sensations by manipulating pre-existing brain structures.

Princeton Acceptance Letter Real and Official

Princeton Acceptance Letter Real and Official SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Each year, PrincetonUniversityreceives over 25,000 applications for its undergraduate class. Only 7% of them get a Princetonacceptance letter.For example, in 2015, Princeton received 27,290 applicationsfor the Class of 2019 and accepted 1,908 students. That's a tiny 6.99% admission rate. Unfortunately, the overwhelming majority of applicants get a rejection letter. â€Å"I'm sorry to inform you†¦Ã¢â‚¬ I was one of the lucky few to apply to Princeton and receive an acceptance letter in the mail. Since Princeton was one of my top choice schools, I was ecstatic that they wanted me as part of their community. I dreamed about how my future would turn out if I attended Princeton. Here’s my complete, official Princetonacceptance letter. Want to learn what it takes to get a Princetonadmit letter yourself? Read my How to Get Into Harvard, Princeton and the Ivy League guide. I'll take you through the philosophy behind how to become the world-class student that schools like Princeton, Harvard, and Stanfordare looking for. You'll learn what it means to develop an application Spike, why being well-rounded is the path to rejection, and how to craft a compelling application yourself. Read this guide now before it's too late. Here's a scan of the original admissions letter sent to me by the Admission Office at PrincetonUniversity. Personal Story: When deciding between my top choice schools (Harvard, Princeton, Stanford, MIT), ultimately it came down to Princeton and Harvard. It was a tough choice - Harvard had broader opportunities and was in a city. But Princeton seemed to have a more spirited school culture, with its famous eating clubs, and it seemed to emphasize undergrad education more strongly. In the end I went with Harvard (and I made the right choice for myself), but it was tough. After the letter, I'll give you tips on what it takes for you to get an acceptance letter like this for yourself. Princeton UniversityAdmission OfficePO Box 430110 West CollegePrinceton, New Jersey 08544-0430 March 31, 2005 Dear Allen: Congratulations! The committee has reviewed your application and we are happy to offer you admission to the Class of 2009. Princeton received a record applicant pool of over 16,500 applications this year and your academic accomplishments, extra-curricular achievements and personal qualities stood out among this strong pool. The committee was impressed with all you have done. Thank you for applying. We are delighted to be accepting you. If you applied for financial aid, a letter from the Financial Aid Office is enclosed with this mailing. If you have any questions, a member of the financial aid staff would be pleased to speak with you or your parents. We understand that paying for a college education is a significant commitment, and we would like to help you through the process. Princeton’s policy of replacing the student loan with additional grant sets us apart from other schools and allows you to graduate without any expected debt. You and your parents are invited to join us on April 14-16 for our April Hosting program to learn more about Princeton. An invitation is enclosed with this mailing. Our faculty members are interested in meeting you and we hope you can join us. Also included in this packet is the response card which you need to fill out and return to us with a May 1 postmark. Should you decide to attend Princeton, we will be sending you more materials later this spring with information about getting ready for your freshman year. Once again, congratulations. We are thrilled to be sending you this splendid news. If you have any questions about the academic program, residential life, or a particular interest, please let us know and we will help you get the answers. Sincerely, Janet Lavin Rapelye Dean of Admission Congratulations! So this is a pretty standard letter. Like Harvard, Stanford, and MIT, the Dean of Admission signs the letter by hand, which is a nice personal touch. OK....so now what? You probably have a reason for reading this acceptance letter. Let me try to help you out. If you just received a rejection letter from Princeton, I'm sorry. When admissions officers say it's a really tough choice to reject students, they're speaking the truth. Chances are you were very well qualified but were just edged out by other applicants. The good news is that you're fully in command of your fate. There are Princeton alumni who end up aimless,and there are graduates from hundreds of other colleges (and people who never went to college) who achieve great things in this world.So if you're disappointed about a Princetonrejection, I hope you pick yourself up and focus on building your future from this point on. Here's a guide on how to get great grades in college, which is likely your next step. If you're planning your college application and want to apply to Princeton, I hope this acceptance letter inspires you to want your own. Make no mistake, it's not easy to get in. It took a lot of hard work to pass Princeton'stough admission requirements. Throughout high school, I had to strategize carefully and spend my time effectively so I could balance great grades,AP coursework,hightest scores, and deep extracurricular activities. To help you out, in the following guides, you'll learn everythingI know about succeeding in high school and college admissions. If you want your own Princeton acceptance letter, these are must-read guides: 1) How to Get Into Harvard, Princeton,and the Ivy League This is the most fundamental guide to help you understand what top colleges like Princeton are looking for. You'll learn my philosophy behind: what kinds of students are most attractive to Princetonand why why being well-rounded is the kiss of deathin selectivecollege admissions what a Spike is, and why an effective Spike will have all your top choice colleges fighting for you how you can develop your own compelling Spike based on your interests Spoiler: it's not easy, and there's no magic wand that can instantly get you a Princeton acceptance. But in my experience with thousands of students applying to college, there are huge misconceptions about what Ivy League-level colleges are looking for. In the process, most studentswaste far too much time on things that aren't important and do nothing to raise their admissions chances. Even worse, they feel stressed all day. That's why I wrote this guide. Read it before it's too late - it mighttotally change your high school strategy. 2) My Complete Successful Application, including Common App and Supplement To complement my "How to Get Into Harvard"guide, I share my entire college application, page by page, word for word. You'll see the exact application that the admissions committee at Princetonsaw, including the Common Application, my personal essays, letters of recommendation, and transcript. I also provide commentary on every piece of my application. You'll see what was REALLY important to get me into Princeton,and other things that weren't. You'll even see mistakes I made in my application. I've never seen anyone else provide this level of analysis and detail. 3) How to Get a 4.0 GPA and Better Grades Your coursework is critical to your college application. Not only do you need great grades, you need great grades in what Princetonsays is "themost rigorous courses possible." This can be very stressful and confusing. Do you ever feel like you're taking too many AP courses and struggling to even stay afloat? Having worked with a lot of students, the biggest problems I see are in mindset, habits, and strategy. To help students out, I've written a complete guide onhow to excel in high school coursework. I take you through three levels of detail, from high to low: Mindset and Psychology: Do you have the confidence to know your growth potential? Are you prepared to work hard? Overall Planning and Habits: Do you get the best results from every hour you spend studying? Do you understand what teachers care about, and how to give them what they want? Do you know how to avoid procrastination? Individual Class Strategies: How do you excel in English classes? How is this different from math and science classes? I learned a lot of these lessons the hard way from high school and college. This is the guide I wish I had before starting high school.I used these concepts to get a 4.0 GPA in high school and highest honors at Harvard. Take the time to read it and you might get better grades while saving hundreds of hours of study time. 4) How to Get a Perfect SAT Score/ How to Get a Perfect ACT Score Besides, GPA, theother major number on your application isyour SAT/ACT score. This score isso important because your scores compares yourself to high school students across the country. Top schools like Princetonexpect you to be in the top 1 percentile of the country. If you're not, you'll cast serious doubt on your ability to keep up with your Princeton classmates. In my perfect SAT and perfect ACT guides, I share the major strategies that you'll need to boost your score above a 2100 on the SAT and 32 on the ACT. Also, check out my series on getting perfect scores in each of the sections on the SAT/ACT: SAT 800 Series: Reading | Math | Writing ACT 36 Series: English | Math | Reading | Science Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Women and honor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Women and honor - Essay Example What is clear about this is that women need a new path of ethics and morality. The problem that stands in the way is speech or language that prevents us from putting an end to our silences and â€Å"liberating ourselves from our secrets.† Speaking on the subject of truth, Rich tells us that women tell lies in order to survive. They lie to most people they come across especially people who legally have power over us such as a husband or a lover. Lying is used as weapon of false power that is wielded to get our own way. In a culture that validates only male power, women use lying as a potent tool to gain control of different situations. In order to justify our lies we use phrases like –â€Å"nobody’s business but my own† or â€Å"my privacy† etc...Rich compares lying to living a life â€Å"in the closet†, because it becomes more a necessity to lie to friends, family, bosses, colleagues or even clients. According to her, a liar leads a life of fear and loneliness which is self- destructive. It creates a kind of void within the woman and she tries to fill this barrenness by getting children. The lies she uses is more like a denial of the fear she feels. A liar always resists confrontation because she lives a cowardly life- one that has no truth in it. The author emphasizes that truth and honor are not things that just spring to life, they have to be created and nurtured between people. When truth prevails, the possibilities between people are endless and life becomes all the more interesting; but the liar loses sight of all these possibilities and continues to live in fear and loneliness. Graham Greene’s narration shifts between the past -of the events leading to Pyle’s death and the present reality that exists after the death of Pyle. The Quiet American is set against a backdrop of Vietnam during the latter part of the First Indo- China war. The story revolves around love of a young and beautiful Vietnamese girl

Our family pet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Our family pet - Essay Example For that reason, I would recommend anyone to consider having a pet, especially a dog since it also serves a protective purpose (Bonham 4). One of the pros of having a pet is that one never gets bored. A pet also makes one responsible for remembering when to feed it, wash it, and do other things to keep it healthy (Bonham 12). However, if one gets so much involved in the affairs of the pet, they may become irresponsible in doing other things that are of life importance. One ought to balance between being with the pet and doing other activities. For instance, if one carries a pet dog to the workplace, it may end up being a disgrace when it attacks other people. However, having a pet has made me more responsible by learning how to take care of the animal. Anyone considering having a pet must ensure that they love the pet of their choice. For instance, one must not own a dog as a pet if he or she does not like

Beowulf and Illiad Essay Example for Free

Beowulf and Illiad Essay Stories like Beowulf and the Iliad seem hard to believe, far-fetched, and exaggerated even though they can relate to a cultures past. Even so, both stories have great examples of fighting, victory, and glory. â€Å"Now though I may win my perfect glory†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Line 64 Homer) This quote helps show the desire Achilles has for glory. â€Å"I’ve never known fear, as a youth I fought in endless battles. I am old, now, but I will fight again, seek fame still, if the dragon hiding in his tower dares to face me. (Line 607-611 Beowulf Poet) This quote shows Beowulf has a similar desire for fame and glory, along with the confidence to be victorious. Both relate the tales of a hero, and as we follow them, we learn about them in the process. The story of Beowulf seems too good to be true in a sense. As you read, you notice that every woman is beautiful, every warrior is good and every cause is worth risking life and limb for. What is realistic is that every human being wants to be loved and accepted while also being the hero. King Hrothgar is a fatherly example that deserves the love that Beowulf has for him. Hail, Hrothgar! My youth have been filled with glory. Now Grendel’s name has echoed in our land: Sailors have brought us stories of Herot, the best†¦When the moon hangs in skies the sun had lit, light and life fleeing together. † (Line 140-148 Beowulf Poet) This quote shows the fondness that the king and Beowulf have for each other, and it shows a comparison of light and life. In the case of Achilles in the Iliad, everything is a bit more believable. The theme of life and death is brought to the reader’s attention when Patroclus is killed. As a result, Hector is also killed because of Patroclus’s death. Achilles isn’t perfect, along with other characters such as Hector and King Agmemmon. These faults make this story more realistic and believable, while also adding truth to the story. Bad decisions are made, such as Achilles allowing his good friend, Patroclus, to enter battle and be killed. â€Å"My greatest friend is gone: Patroclus, comrade in my arms, whom I held dear above all others- dear as myself – now gone, lost; Hector cut him down, despoiled him of my own arms, massive and fine, a wonder in all man’s eyes. (Line 13-18 Homer) In this quote is an example of life and death and how it made Achilles wants revenge on Hector. This also gives Achilles a type of â€Å"power† to choose whether to take Hector’s life. Beowulf is humble, and although he has the personality of a hero more than Achilles, he does not see his own value or his own significance. Achilles, on the other hand, could not be more proud. His awareness and consideration of his own skills and his own value are an obvious difference to the humility and mildness of Beowulf. Do not attempt to keep me from the fight, though you love me; you cannot make me listen. † (Line 70 Beowulf Poet) This quote shows an example of Achilles attitude toward himself and others when it comes to a fight. This also shows how Beowulf has more good in him then Achilles. Beowulf having a personality with great goodness, makes the decision to fight the greatest evil (Grendel) with only his hands. â€Å"My hands alone shall fight for me, struggle for life against the monster God must decide who will be given to deaths cold grip. (Line 172-175 Beowulf Poet) This quote supports Beowulf’s fight against evil, and how the fight will determine life and death. Beowulf and the Iliad are stories of great heroes. They take us through their stories and battles while teaching the reader about them along the way. The Iliad is easier to believe, while Beowulf seems too good to be true. Both stories relate to the cultures past and teach us about each character. Beowulf and the Iliad battle through evil and relate to each other through life and death.

Fashion Essay -- Social Life, Consumerism

Cathy, a flagship of the intemperance, luxury and economic peculiarity rests on a point where the main emphasis is put on the materialistic, intellectual and moral issues (Cathy, 2003). Fashion is said to have an equal parallel to architecture judging from the sense of personal belonging and to the extent of detachment to it. Therefore, architecture puts itself in a position of social exclusion or inclusion to the ordinary social life of individuals. In normal ordinary life, people have moved an extra mile to use an extra cost to gain the right to feel that they can belong, personally identify, fit in elite and even acquire completeness through acquiring certain branded products irrespective of their the nature and quality (Cathy, 2003). These show some of the feelings attitudes, which people value so intensely to belong to a luxury fashion class. According to Rebecca Arnold, fashion is always a product of the culture of a wider society that is reflected on an innumerable of styles. These changes in brands provide a smooth definition of sexuality, ethnicity, status, gender and class that clearly show the change of culture at a certain time (Arnold, 2001, 4). Her argument goes on to suggest that, the nature of modern fashion is inherently contradictory because of its brands. â€Å"The threats and promise of the future reveals both our anxieties and desires constructingidentities that uses the most stylish dress as a route of self-creation and is still ultimate to self-destruction’ (Evans, c, 2003, 7). In a general sense, fashion could be an experience that affects several social aspects and the anxiety linked to the growth of the metropolis. The entrance of branded and fashioned retail shops creates the metropolis. These provide the lat... ...more complex and sophisticated forms using refined materials. All these concepts are essential because of new fashion and designs that contribute to architecture as a field in general. Therefore, the current era is essentially sensitive and should not be ignored for a lack of positive impact in the welfare of people associated with it as individuals or in the society. For instance, as exemplified in this discussion, attires of personal creation form identity and provide definition for personal space the way architectural structures do, however, on a wider perspective. This whole notion of fashion in clothing has tolerated stature in society for many decades. This occurred especially for people who acquired status within their cultural alignments with the power to continue with this ideology and influence other cultural groups yet to reach their status in society.

How does R. L. Stevenson create horror and suspense in the novel ‘Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde?’ Essay

‘Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde’ is a classic horror novel written by R. L. Stevenson. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1850. He grew up in Edinburgh which had two very different faces: the prosperous, middle-class new town and the ‘old black city’ with its poverty, disease and over crowding. This can be compared to the novel because of the duality of nature between Jekyll and Hyde. The novel would have had a different impact upon its original readers because at this time London was a divided city; there were two major extremes, the rich and the poor, and as Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde portray both these extremes the novel is shown from the two ends of the divided London. Jekyll lives in a respectable area which has ‘an air of invitation’ and Hyde lives in ‘a sinister block of buildings.’ Also, in 1886, the readers of ‘Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde’ would have interpreted the torments of Henry Jekyll as the traditional struggle between good and evil. The novel is about a respectable doctor, Dr Jekyll, who transforms himself into a savage murderer, Mr Hyde. A girl is ruthlessly trampled over by this vicious Mr Hyde and he writes a cheque for à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½100 compensation; however the cheque was signed by Dr Jekyll. Mr Utterson and Mr Enfield come across a door which reminds them of the savage murderer and Mr Utterson’s suspicions are aroused when he finds Hyde’s dead body inside the laboratory where Jekyll had locked himself in, inside here is a letter written by Dr Jekyll. Dr Lanyon dies and gives Utterson a letter which said that Jekyll was having trouble with the effects of the drugs. In the final chapter Utterson reads Jekyll’s confessions. The story of the novel is told through many different narrators, Enfield, Utterson, Lanyon and Jekyll all play a part in telling the story. Stevenson has used this technique of multiple perspectives to heighten the mystery and suspense of the story as this allows the reader to see more clearly into their characters and relationships. ‘Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde’ is such a well known text that it is known by more people than those that have actually read it, this is because there were no less than four film versions appeared during 1920 and 1953. In chapter one Stevenson uses many devices to create horror and suspense. The title of this chapter ‘The Story of the Door’ adds secrecy and mystery as it is part of a mysterious house, the street is pleasant except from this shabby house. This strange and always locked door becomes a significant symbol of mystery as we do not know where it leads. The neglected door on the smart street is also concerned with the duality of nature theme. This door creates secrecy and suspense because it is always locked and you can only enter with a key, also the windows are always shut. At the start of this chapter we are immediately introduced to one of the main characters, Mr Utterson; he appears complex as there are contradictions in his character ‘lean, long, dusty, dreary and yet somehow loveable,’ this is the major theme of the chapter: duality of nature and it is a reoccurring theme throughout the novel and the narrator hints that he knows people of ill repute. The setting of most of the novel is at night or early hours in the morning; this creates an eerie atmosphere, and also suspense and mystery because it is rather odd why people are walking out at ‘three o’clock of a black winter morning.’ Whilst Enfield tells ‘a very odd story’ tension is created as he repeats ‘street after street’ and this highlights his isolation and produces tension as the reader can empathise with him if they have ever been in a dark, isolated situation before. In this chapter secrecy is an important theme; everyone has something to hide and so they are reluctant to ask questions suggesting they do not want to hear an answer. Stevenson creates horror in this chapter as the introduction of Mr Hyde, who ‘trampled calmly over the child’s body and left her screaming on the floor,’ is a horrific image. This is peculiar behaviour and the reader has maximum sympathy for the young girl. In addition, Hyde is not at all disturbed by the incident of ‘calmly’ hurting her. When he witnesses the incident, Mr Enfield, an unemotional man has a strong reaction about it, ‘sawbones turned sick and white with the desire to kill him.’ In the second chapter entitled ‘Search for Mr Hyde,’ the title builds up a sense of anticipation in the reader because it is like a mystery investigation – searching for something or someone that could be lost or on the run. The will in this chapter is exceptionally odd; it creates a sense of extreme mystery in the reader. This is because Dr Jekyll’s will states that all his possessions shall be passed on to Edward Hyde, this shows the reader that there is some association and connection between Jekyll and Hyde. However, what is even stranger is that he says if he has disappeared or had an unexplained absence for any period exceeding three calendar months, this shows the reader that he is suspecting something might happen to him and builds up a sense of anticipation and keeps the reader interested and want to read on. Stevenson is giving clues about what is going on and Utterson thinks that Hyde is blackmailing Jekyll. Hyde also has contradictions in his character, he is described and ‘timid and bold,’ this oxymoron suggests of the duality of his character. ‘He may grow impatient to inherit,’ this suggests that Utterson is worried about his friend Jekyll and thinks he could be in danger as he left all of his belongings to Hyde, and with Hyde’s monstrous reputation he may not want to wait for his inheritance. The chapter ends with the lawyer in very low spirits, he feels forced to confront the fact that he too has been responsible for certain wrongs which he has taken care to hide, and this all creates suspense and mystery. He suspects blackmail or murder. In chapter three, Jekyll shows respect and admiration for Utterson and he convinces Utterson of the need for absolute secrecy, Stevenson does this to heighten the suspense and keep the reader engrossed. Jekyll thinks that Lanyon is dismissed as ‘hide-bound pedant’ in his thoughts as they had an argument about scientific thinking. Jekyll believes that Lanyon is narrow-minded and conventional in thinking. Chapter four is set almost a year later and it is the most horrific chapter in the book. R.L. Stevenson makes it gruesome with disturbing details and it would be extremely shocking for Victorian readers. This is because in Victorian society there was such a large emphasis on manners and behaviour. This chapter is appalling and inhumane to the reader. The passage which describes Carew’s murder is macabre and distressing, ‘bones were audibly shattered,’ this clause is effective because it appeals to the senses and makes it sound more horrendous and abominable. It is odd that Carew gets brutally murdered like this since he appeared to be such a nice man. This passage also presents horrific details that Mr Hyde beat him with his power and strength. R.L. Stevenson creates more suspense and mystery and gives subtle hints that the murder could have something to do with the mystery of Jekyll and Hyde because it could have had something to do with the will. The description of the setting as being, ‘a district of some city in a nightmare,’ is a sinister description creating atmosphere and horror. The ever-present fog contributes to the atmosphere as it is gloomy and it also portrays secrecy as it can be used to ‘cover up’ things. A threatening atmosphere is created with the flickering of street lamps and the personification of the fog, for example ‘the fog still slept.’ In chapter five horror and suspense is created by the description of Jekyll as it contrasts with that of before, ‘Dr At Ease,’ however now he looks ‘deadly sick’ and is terrified. This shows the reader that his connection with Hyde is making him ill Jekyll has received a letter and this creates suspense and secrecy, he is unsure about whether to show it to the police and this creates mystery. The description of the city as being ‘drowned’ reinforces the air of impending doom and adds slight horror and suspense. Towards the end of the chapter Utterson is in utter disbelief that Dr Jekyll forged for a murderer, Stevenson uses the description, ‘And his blood ran cold in his veins,’ this creates horror and suspense because it must be something very bad that has happened for someone’s blood to appear to turn cold, and also it makes the reader wait in anticipation. At the end of the chapter a cloak of secrecy descends upon matters and a guest is sworn to secrecy. In chapter six Dr Jekyll begins to improve with the disappearance of Mr Hyde and he is being associated with good things, ‘charity, and religion.’ Dr Lanyon has had a shock, ‘as a look in the eye and quality of manner that seemed to testify some deep-seated terror of the mind,’ he is scared however it is not that he is scared about dieing but something else. This creates suspense and leaves a sense of anxiety in the reader. However when Lanyon’s face changes and he holds up a trembling hand the reader is led to believe that Lanyon’s decline has something to do with Jekyll. In chapter seven the incident which the two gentlemen witness informs the reader that Jekyll is suffering from something which he cannot control, this creates suspense because the reader will wonder what it is that he cannot control. The gentlemen’s ‘expression of such abject terror and despair, as froze the very blood of the two gentlemen below,’ shows the reader that this is a link between Jekyll and Hyde as the reaction of the gentlemen from Jekyll reminds us of the reaction of the gentlemen from Hyde. Chapter eight opens dramatically with the entrance of an unexpected Poole, who is Utterson’s butler and his appearance is altered by a shock. The title of this chapter ‘The Last Night’ makes the reader think that this could be the last night or someone or something, for example, Jekyll dieing or a secret being revealed. Suspense is added when it says, ‘crushing anticipation of calamity’ as they are just waiting for something bad to happen. In this chapter the reader is meant to think that Mr Hyde is in the room and that he has killed Jekyll for the will and so Mr Utterson’s predictions were correct, this adds suspense because the reader does not know for definite if it is him in the room and they want to find out. In the novel Hyde has always been described as animal, for example in chapter four, ‘with ape-like fury’ and also in chapter two, ‘hissing’ this is comparing him to a snake and snakes can be seen as evil. In Victorian London, when it was a divided city, the poor received no schooling and could not vote, the wealthy people were afraid of them and saw them as being like animals, Hyde is also described as an animal. In chapter eight, R.L. Stevenson portrays many clues to lead the reader to think that it is Hyde, ‘crying out like a rat,’ and also it says, ‘and this was more of a dwarf,’ as the reader we know that Jekyll is tall and Hyde is shorter. There was a ‘mask upon his face’ so this creates suspense as the reader wants to know who it is. R.L. Stevenson is building up a sense of foreboding and expectation as the reader will think the thing he is describing is Hyde, ‘London hummed solemnly all around; but nearer at hand, the stillness was only broken by the sound of a footfall moving to and fro along the cabinet floor,’ this creates suspense as the reader knows that something bad is going to happen. Stevenson uses descriptions which appeals to the reader’s senses and so you can imagine you were there. He uses the technique of authentication and the reader is made to feel as though they are involved on an intimate revelation of feelings and events as the plot of the book is revealed through diaries and letters. This makes the reader feel included and keeps them interested. In chapter nine, ‘Dr Lanyon’s narrative,’ the reader is about to discover the truth about what Dr Jekyll has been up to. Stevenson chose to set this chapter at midnight as it is the witching hour; this adds mystery and horror because of the time of night that it is set in. The novel is structured so that the mystery and suspense is built up right until the penultimate chapter, this chapter reveals Jekyll’s terrible secret. Up until this point the reader can only see Hyde through the eyes of the other characters and as the reader becomes drawn into the mystery of the novel it tells the reader important information about the characters. Stevenson chose midnight for the arrival of the strange messenger because it is known as the witching hour and Hyde is thought of as inhuman. Finally, in the last chapter, ‘Henry Jekyll’s Full Statement of the Case,’ the reader sees the end of the story from Jekyll’s point of view. Stevenson decided to end it in this way to create tension so that the reader would only read Jekyll’s side last and keep them in suspense. Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde represent the two sides of good and evil, as Jekyll does ‘pious work’ and Hyde uses ‘blasphemies,’ both of these connecting with religion as it is an extremely important part of Victorian people’s life. It poses the question – which is more powerful good or evil? Stevenson makes evil prevail in the end because Jekyll is banished by Mr Hyde, however this could be Stevenson telling us that evil is stronger or because humans are weak-willed. His opinion of this could be shaped like this because of his background; he was brought up as a Calvinists and this emphasised that our desires are naturally evil, so this would mentally affect you as a child. To conclude, it would be impossible for the modern reader to read this novel as an unsuspecting Victorian might have done because people see things like Jekyll’s double identity in everyday life, on the television and read it more in books so they are aware of what could happen, however in Victorian times they did not have television and so the only place where they would see this is in books. All of the devices that Stevenson has used to create horror and suspense have a strong impact upon the book because he wanted to keep the readers in suspense for as long as possible and he tried to make them discover for themselves the ending by leaving a series of clues. Overall, I think this was an interesting book, at times I found it quite difficult and got a bit confused, however I soon picked up again. I think that Stevenson was clever in the way that he used multiple perspectives to heighten the suspense of the story and thought that it was a good novel. Finally, the novel has had such a large impact on language that it has become a saying now. The phrase ‘Jekyll and Hyde’ describes someone with a split personality as being nice and nasty.

Micromax Owners Profile

Corporate Profile: Micromax Mobiles is one of the leading mobile companies in the World today. According to Strategy Analytics’ Global Handset vendor market share report, it is the 12th largest mobile brand in the World with a global market share of 1% and close to 8% market share in India. With an in-depth understanding of rapidly changing consumer preferences coupled with the use of advanced technologies, Micromax has been able to differentiate itself from the competitors through innovation and design.The brand took on the leaders in the category with specific products that addressed different customer needs. The company has focused their efforts towards creating life-enhancing mobile phone solutions and wireless technologies that cater to the increasingly evolving needs of mobile users in India. Micromax aims to be a billion dollar company with a significant double digit market share by 2014. Driving the next phase of growth, the company is expanding aggressively in India a nd globally.Journey of a homegrown brand: Micromax started as an IT software company in the year 2000 working on embedded platforms. By 2008, it entered mobile handset business and by 2010 became the largest Indian domestic mobile handsets company. This transformation was steered by four friends who divided responsibilities on functional lines, which haven’t changed since: Rajesh Agarwal, 47, Managing Director, Rahul Sharma, 37, Executive Director, Vikas Jain, 37, Business Director, and Sumeet Arora, 37, Chief Technology Officer.Through its emphasis on adapting to the changing market dynamics, introducing feature-rich phones and smartphones that are innovative and unique, Micromax has today become a brand to reckon with. Today, Micromax has presence across India and global presence in Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri-Lanka, Maldives, UAE, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Afghanistan and Brazil. Micromax sells around 1. 3 million mobiles handsets every month, with a presenc e in more than 500 districts through 100,000 retail outlets in India.Product Innovations: Micromax product portfolio embraces more than 60 models today, ranging from feature rich, dual-SIM phones to QWERTY, touch-enabled smart-feature phones and 3G Android smartphones designed for younger consumers in suburban and urban markets. Marketing: Driven by growing aspirations of the Indian mobile users, Micromax has geared up to bring about a paradigm shift in the way cell phones are used by introducing groundbreaking mobile solutions technology. When Micromax entered the segment, it followed a simple strategy of bringing innovative products for the consumers and coupled it with smart marketing.The company’s success could be attributed to the ‘Out of the Box’ thinking and thus providing Innovative & insightful products to the masses. At Micromax, the target audience is youth who want innovative, stylish phones that are affordable. Today the mobile phone category is driv en by youth, with about 60% of the users under the age group of 20-40 yrs and Micromax utilizes every opportunity to connect with the youth. Micromax understands that building connect is all about being involved with the customers and also giving them the value for money.Through their products and innovative campaigns, they aim to provide value additions to the Micromax users and have him or her involved by creating unique brand proposition. Distribution Network: Micromax has a 3 tier distribution network in India, which extends across 65 super distributers, 1500 micro distributors and over 100,000 retailers. To enhance brand cognizance and retail strength, Micromax has a chain of exclusive retail outlets, owned by third party Vikas Jain, Business Director, Micromax Informatics LimitedVikas Jain is the Business Director and one of the Promoters of Micromax Informatics Limited. With over 14 years of experience in international business & planning and the information technology sector , Vikas has played a crucial role in garnering and accelerating the business dynamics of Micromax. With his unique set of expertise in the 3G business dynamics, coupled with a great sense of innovative worldscale business ideas, Vikas has successfully contributed in taking the company to newer markets and helping in global expansion.Vikas upholds diligence and perceptiveness in all his endeavors and has reiterated these principles in Micromax’s Vikas understands the fact that Micromax being a homegrown market has an edge over the rest when itcomes to its international counterparts, as it understands the utility needs of the Indian consumers better. Micromax launched its first mobile phone whose key selling point was a battery that lasted 30days. In a country that suffers from chronic power deficiency, this was an invaluable proposition,according to Vikas.He believes that the thrill of newness and the idea of innovative technology is wherea brand scores more. Keeping this cent ral, Vikas presently looks after the business interests of thecompany in the ‘Operators Vertical’ with his skillful ability to identify and understand the needs of the varied set of consumers. Closely working with the operators enables Vikas to comprehend the technological advancements further empowering him to put a commercial angle to the company’s products. Under Vikas’s supervision and knowledge, the company has recently forayed into the internationalbusiness arm of exports.With establishments in Nepal and Dubai, Micromax is predominantly focusingon SAARC regions, Africa, Middle East (UAE, Qatar, Pakistan) and Latin America (Brazil). Vikas strategizesto focus on SAARC regions primarily because of its geographical alignment with India; Africa, as It encompasses territorial similarity with India in terms of tele-density and growth potential; Middle East, since it is an aspiring market and Brazil because it is technologically advanced than India and a not ch Vikas espouse the fact that life is purely about passion and more about enjoyment.Anything that sets the adrenaline rushing excites Vikas. An ardent sports lover and an adventure person, Vikas loves badminton, cricket and snooker and activities such as parasailing, scuba diving and ocean walks. He is also passionate about fast cars. An avid traveler, Vikas has a fetish for Lebanese and Chinese cuisines. During his leisure time he loves listening to music and watching movies. Vikas is an alumnus of Jamia Millia University from where he completed his engineering degree Rahul Sharma, Executive DirectorMicromax Informatics Limited, is the driving force behind Micromax’s commendable position in the Indian mobile handset market. Leading the Product and Sales strategies in Micromax, Rahul encompasses an enriching work experience of 13 years. The phenomenal growth of Micromax can be attributed to the dynamic leadership of Mr. Sharma. An unparalleled increase in revenue inflow furt her substantiates the midas touch that Rahul has brought to the company and an equally impressive growth of the company highlights the consistency of his leadership.Rahul upholds the philosophy that we must create our own roadmaps rather than following others by imbibing innovative models tailor-made for our needs and expectations, and hence along with his peers – Rajesh Agarwal, Vikas Jain and Sumeet Arora, he scripted the success story of Micromax since its inception. It was Rahul’s abetted efforts to convince his peers after nine years of selling computers, software courses and â€Å"fixed wireless† public phones (PCOs), to venture into the mobile handset industry in 2008, thus leading to the inception the fascinating feat in Micromax.Considering Micromax to be his brainchild, Rahul drew his greatest inspiration for the company to enter the mobile phone manufacturing business over a compelling incident of a chance encounter with a payphone operator. Everythin g started with a truck battery in the year 2007. In the powerless village of Behrampur in West Bengal, Mr. Sharma saw an Airtel PCO being powered by a truck battery. Every night, the PCO owner would lug the battery 12 km to an adjoining village on his cycle, charge it there overnight, and lug it back to Behrampur in the morning.Rahul was fascinated by the nature of innovative adaptation to suit the difficult conditions which the payphone operator had employed and his interest only grew when he found out that to everyone’s surprise, the operator was also able to earn a tidy sum of money. Based on this phenomenal experience of innovation arising from constraint, Micromax soon launched its first phone which had a battery back-up of one whole month. And from there started the grand journey. This compelling story reflects Rahul’s firm belief in the ideology, â€Å"Success comes to those who dare to dream. Keeping this central to all his endeavors at Micromax, Rahul made si gnificant progress and went on to launch a whole gamut of phones, all designed to suit the ever-changing needs of the dynamic Indian market. Rahul takes great pride in investing all his energy and deep commitment to quality in improving the business performances of his organization. Passionate about being a catalyst for change in the lives of the people, Rahul is rare combination business acumen and a creative mind and is adept at leveraging his knowledge, skills and expertise to maximize people’s potential.His leadership was instrumental in Micromax winning accolades and awards at prominent business forums. Micromax was the ‘Emerging Company of the Year 2011’ as per India’s leading telecom magazine- Voice & Data. It also bagged the FIEO Telecom Technology Awards and Power Brands 360 Award, recently. In recognition of his achievements, Rahul was adjudged one of the Forbes Person of the Year 2010. For the successful person he is today, Rahul considers his f ather to be his true inspiration in life, his real hero. It was his father who instilled in Rahul a strong work ethic, honesty, sincerity and humility.Besides being an entrepreneur, Rahul is a sports enthusiast with a passion for fast cars and Formula 1 racing. He spends his free time reading autobiographies of successful leaders Rahul is a mechanical engineer by profession. Rajesh Agarwal, Managing Director, . With an enriching experience of 22 years, Rajesh has orchestrated strategic accomplishments that, together with ground-up development, allowed Micromax to assemble a portfolio amongst the top-tier handset manufacturers that serve consumers across the globe.Rajesh has been instrumental in advocating innovative product strategies, business restructuring and channel management as the building blocks to create a strong base for the organization over the past three years. Today, Micromax is the third largest mobile brand in India with a market share of 6. 9% for the FY 2011. It ju mped into the industry in the year 2000 as a software company when 3 of his friends- Sumit Arora, Rahul Sharma and Vikas Jain ventured together to script the success story of Micromax which then evolved as a mobile brand in the telecom space.Under Rajesh’s able guidance Micromax has achieved an envious position in the category, making it the 12th largest mobile brand in the World, according to Strategy Analytics’ Global Handset vendor market share report. Rajesh has also been instrumental in getting a lead investment of RS 400 crores (approximately US $83 million) from TA associates, Sequoia Capital and Sandstone Capital, which has brought the company international experience and exposure. For all the accomplishments that he knitted in his entrepreneurial journey,Rajesh upholds the Success Mantra: â€Å"Team work divides responsibilities and multiplies growth. † Keeping this central to all his endeavors, Rajesh believes in striving towards the unreachable. His l eadership was instrumental in Micromax winning accolades and awards at prominent business forums. Micromax was the ‘Emerging Company of the Year 2011’ as per India’s leading telecom magazine- Voice & Data. It also bagged the FIEO Telecom Technology Awards and Power Brands 360 Award, recently. In recognition of his achievements, Rajesh was amongst the finalist of E&Y Entrepreneur of the Year 2010.Inspired by Warren Buffett, Rajesh an electrical engineer encompasses from him the rich virtues of will strength, determination and risk-taking ability and applies them across all diversification and growth to emerge as a victor. An ardent outdoor sports lover, Rajesh shows keen interest in volley ball, cricket and table tennis. He is fond of travelling to new places and exploring different cultures. In his leisure he reads about successful leaders and draws inspiration through their ideologies.

Global warming and climate change Essay Example

Global warming and climate change Essay Example Global warming and climate change Essay Global warming and climate change Essay States have depended on coal for centuries to bring forth a bulk of their electricity, but now with planetary heating and clime alteration many states are looking for green options. On August 6, 1945, the universe was introduced to the astonishing energy behind atomic energy with the bead of the first atomic bomb. Grolier Online found that in 1939 two German scientists, Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassman, had reported an experiment involving neutron irradiation of uranium ; intending exposed the U to radiation or watercourses of atoms and produced energy ( 2 ) . Although some energy options create small or no waste and appear safer than atomic energy, atomic energy is more efficient, produces more power than any other energy beginning known, and the energy beginning is in great copiousness and should go the U.S. s figure one beginning of energy, replacing our demand for dirty, C breathing coal. Three Mile Island atomic power works near Middletown, Pennsylvania, March 28, 1979, a H2O pump stops working and that s merely the beginning ( U.S. N.R.C. ) . There was a release of radiation into the ambiance, but as Opponent Point of views: Energy Options described that there is more radiation standing a few proceedingss in the thick of the granite of Grand Central Station than released from Three Mile Island on this twenty-four hours ( 80 ) . No lives were lost and because of the regulations and ordinances put on United States industries, particularly atomic workss, there were no major effects to the reactor meltdown. However, a serious job did non go on at Three Mile Island, but was a wholly different narrative at Chernobyl, in the Ukraine. At the clip, Chernobyl was portion of the huge Soviet Union ; it grew in power and needed more energy. The Soviets went atomic. Chernobyl was a monolithic atomic composite with hapless building and even poorer ordinances by the Soviets. On Apr il 26, 1986, during a everyday closure, the automatic safety was taken off and everything began to travel incorrect. Coolant was non acquiring to the right topographic points, but power was being increased which led to an unbelievable detonation. The detonation released 30 to 40 times every bit much radioactive waste as the bombs dropped on Japan. Many were killed and many are still enduring the effects for the haughtiness of the Soviet era atomic workss, Opposing Point of views: Energy Alternatives points out ( 80 ) . It is traveling to be millions of dollars to clean up around Chernobyl and to cover the reactor that released and is still let go ofing dozenss of radiation every twelvemonth. Where as the lone cost to Three Mile Island was the closure of the works. : Even though these two state of affairss, that should be forgotten, are utmost and have created an inauspicious repute for atomic energy, atomic energy is safe if the correct regulations, ordinance, and actions are taken when things go south. Chernobyl was stingily built, ill regulated, and engineering at the works was comparable to, at most, a World War 2 combatant jet. In an interview with the CEO of the Wabash REMC, the county electric company, the executive portrayed the Soviet epoch atomic workss as pole barns at best ( Rob Pearson ) . American reinforced atomic workss are built of concrete a few pess thick to forestall any radiation leak. These workss have the most advanced engineering in the universe to day of the month with suites the size of hoops tribunals merely for the control panels. The United States has placed limitations on edifice codifications and care every bit good as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission ( NRC ) doing unscheduled and regular check-ups to American atom ic workss. CQ Researcher, Nuclear Energy provinces significant events, ’ such as reactor closures and jobs with of import safety equipment, fell from 0.9 [ incidents ] per twelvemonth per works in 1989 to 0.02 [ incidents ] in 2003. . . ( 221 ) demoing the increasing safety as the old ages go on. Old workss have been and are being updated to current safety and engineering criterions to forestall any major incident and keep the universe s safest atomic plan in the United States. As in any industry, there will ever be jobs and something will travel incorrect, but the U.S. is making its best to forestall these jobs from set uping civilians. Many are disquieted about radioactive atomic waste, the dearly-won and highly unsafe hurt of atomic power workss. Nuclear energy is produced from uranium-235, which is of course radioactive, but the merchandises, strontium-96 and xenon-138, go extremely radioactive after the atomic fission procedure. So what can we make with all this stuff af ter the fission procedure? There are many options: enrich, storage in versants, burial under the sea, atomic transubstantiation, hiting it into infinite or at the Sun, and many more. Enrichment is a procedure of taking the waste and concentrating it to about five per centum of its existent size, Rob Person explained to me, so there is less waste, seting all other storage procedures on a smaller graduated table. Entombment under the sea, Critical Perspectives on Energy and Power, Disposing of Nuclear Waste, gives item that the waste is put into a pointed tubing so dropped into the deepest parts of the sea, specifically the Pacific trenches, where it is so sucked into the mantle and dissolves in the utmost heat of the nucleus of the Earth. Nuclear transubstantiation is a procedure of pelting the waste with neutrons to bring forth less radioactive stuffs that would be radioactive for merely 100s or even 10s of old ages, where every bit presently the waste could be radioactive for 10 t housand old ages ( 77 ) . Much research is being put into better procedures of disposal of the waste. Presently the waste is in big storage containers at the atomic works chilling and drying or sitting in 55-gallon barrels in the side of a mountain. The end product of atomic energy, in contrast, is 25 1000000s times the end product of coal, Grolier Online, Nuclear Energy found. One lb of coal green goodss eight negatron Vs ( electron volt ) with a burn-off of C dioxide, this addition being a chief cause of planetary heating and clime alteration. However, with atomic fission, the current procedure for atomic energy, one lb of uranium-235 green goodss 200 million electron volt with perfectly no C dioxide emanations. There is new engineering traveling into the procedure of atomic merger, a procedure where H is used to bring forth 18 million electron volt and the lone byproduct is helium and energy ( 1 ) . This procedure has no radioactive waste, but produces five times the heat as the Sun doing it really hard to incorporate all that energy, but doing it possible to pull out more H from H2O. Making this energy beginning wholly independent from any outside beginnings. Rob Pearson clarified that there are many other energy options tha t are bring forthing energy, but the efficiency of these options is about one tierce of their possible. Wind power is undependable, running merely when the air current is strong plenty to turn the turbines, and acquiring the power from the turbine to places is a undertaking in itself. Solar panels use merely 10 per centum of the light spectrum and have to be the size of a football field to bring forth adequate energy for a little town of a few thousand people. Current options merely produce a little per centum of our energy needed because their efficiency is so hapless. The United States has had one of the best programs for building more atomic workss, but their ability to set the program into action is missing. The United States depends on 104 atomic workss with a sum of 441 water-cooled reactors, the current procedure of atomic fission. These workss produce 20 to 22 per centum of the states electricity bring forthing close to 788.6 terawatt hours of electricity in 2004 giving the U.S. the universe s most atomic workss with the best and largest atomic plan. In CQ Researcher, Nuclear Energy the U.S. Energy Information Administration ( EIA ) predicts that by 2030 the U.S. will be bring forthing merely 871 terawatt hours of electricity if and merely if six new atomic workss are built and bing workss are updated to bring forth more power. Since the last major fiasco of Three Mile Island in 1979, which spread so much fright, more than 29 old ages have passed with no new atomic workss holding begun building. Last twelvemonth America was to get down buil ding on 25 new workss, jurisprudence shapers shot the measure down when it was clip to move. In better hopes though, Secretary of the United States Department of Energy announced in 2002 it Nuclear Power 2010 plan that would make a joint government/industry cost portion to bring forth more atomic workss and give inducement to power companies to get down edifice ( 1 ) . Now with planetary heating and clime alteration and demand for more electricity, proven by the blackouts in major metropoliss in the past few old ages, there is merely one thing that can suit the demand to diminish all of these-nuclear energy. Nuclear energy has been pigeonholed by two unfortunate events go forthing most afraid of it, but with the current crises on the universe s manus, the demand for more power and less dependance on hydrogen-carbonates, C dioxide breathing fuels such as coal and oil, the universe must get down building and researching more in atomic energy. Governments are taking every safeguard, puting regulations, ordinances, and regular and random check-ups, to do atomic energy merely every bit safe as any other major beginning of electricity. Nuclear waste has been in research for many old ages now and should be making a safe and effectual agencies of disposal. The U.S. must get down swearing atomic energy and get down trusting on it as the figure one beginning of energy replacing C breathing coal workss and inefficient energy options. Work Cited Colin, Thomas J. , Ed. Nuclear Energy. CQ Researcher 16.10 ( 2006 ) : 217-40. Cothran, Helen, Ed. Opposing Viewpoints Energy Alternatives. California: Greenhaven Press, 2002. Hall, Linley Erin, Ed. Critical Perspectives on Energy and Power. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. , 2007. pHansen, Kent F. Nuclear Energy. Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. 2008: ( 1-5 ) Grolier Online. 30 Oct. 2008 article? assetid=0210870-0 gt ; . pHansen, Kent F. Nuclear Energy. Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. 2008: ( 1-5 ) Grolier Online. 30 Oct. 2008 article? assetid=0210870-0 gt ; . Pearson, Rob. Personal Interview. 16 Oct. 2008. United States. Dept. of Energy. Nuclear Energy 2010. 12 Oct. 2008. United States. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Fact Sheet on the Three Mile Island Incident. 17 Oct. 2008 lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/fact-sheets/3mile-isle.html. gt ; /p gt ;

Women’s Rights in the 1930s in the United States

Women’s Rights in the 1930s in the United States In the 1930s, women’s equality was not as flashy an issue as in some previous and subsequent decades. But the decade did see slow and steady progress, even as new challenges- especially economic and cultural- could be seen as reversing the advances made in the first three decades of the 20th century. Context: Women in 1900–1929 Women in the first decades of the 20th century saw increased opportunity and public presence, including a strong role in union organizing; increasing availability of contraceptive information; winning voting rights; clothing styles and lifestyles that were more comfortable and less restrictive; and greater sexual freedom.  During World War I, many women who had been stay-at-home mothers and wives entered the work force. African American women were part of the cultural flowering of the Harlem Renaissance that followed World War II in some urban black communities, and were also fighting for more rights and beginning a long fight against lynching. Women activists agitated for more than the vote, which was finally won in 1920, but also for workplace fairness, minimum wages, and the abolition of child labor. 1930s- The Great Depression Minnesota Historical Society/Getty Images With the 1929 market crash and the onset of the Great Depression, the 1930s were quite different for women.  With fewer jobs available, employers generally preferred to give them to men, in the name of mens traditional role as family breadwinners. Fewer women were able to find jobs. The culture pendulum swung away from more freedom for women to portraying the domestic role as the proper and fulfilling role for women. At the same time as the economy lost jobs, some technologies like radio and telephones allowed for expanding job opportunities for women.  Because women were paid considerably less than men, often justified by the aforementioned male breadwinner role, these industries hired mostly women for many of the new jobs.  The growing film industry included many female stars, although many of the films seemed aimed at selling the idea of women’s place in the home. The new phenomenon of the airplane drew some elite women to become pilots trying to set records. Amelia Earhart’s career spanned the late 1920s through 1937 when she and her navigator were lost over the Pacific. Ruth Nichols, Anne Morrow Lindbergh, and Beryl Markham are among the women who earned honors for their aviation skills. The New Deal When Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected president in 1932, he brought to the White House a different kind of first lady in Eleanor Roosevelt.  She took a more active role in the role than previous first ladies because of her assertive, capable, and active personality- she had been active as a settlement house worker before her marriage- but also because she needed to provide extra help for her husband, because of the limiting effects of his polio.  So Eleanor was a very visible part of the administration, and the circle of women around her became more important than they might have been with a different president and first lady. Under Presidents Roosevelts influence, a 1938 key women’s rights and labor rights decision by the Supreme Court, West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish, found that minimum wage legislation was constitutional. Women in Government and the Workplace Arrival of American Mission in Rotterdam on board SS Noordam for the Peace Congress at the Hague. Jane Adams is in the center. Bettmann/Getty Images   Women’s work for women’s rights in the 1930s was less dramatic and widespread than in the earlier suffrage battles or the later so-called second-wave feminism of the 1960s and 1970s.  Still, some very prominent women effected big changes through government organizations. Florence Kelley, active in the first three decades of the century, was a mentor to many of the women who were activists in the 1930s.  She died in 1932.Frances Perkins became the first woman cabinet official, when she was appointed to be Secretary of Labor by Franklin D. Roosevelt in his first year in office. She served until 1945.  Called The Woman Behind the New Deal,  she was a major force behind the creation of the social safety net that included unemployment insurance, minimum wage laws, and the Social Security system.Molly Dewson worked with refugees during World War I and then went to work to gain minimum wage laws for women and children and to limit working hours for women and children to a 48 hour week.  She was an advocate for women working in the Democratic Party and became an ambassador for the New Deal.  Jane Addams continued her Hull House project in the thirties, which was serving the poor and immigrant population in Chicago.  Other settlement houses, which were often led by women, also helped provide necessary social services in the Depression.   Grace Abbott, who had been head of the Children’s Bureau in the 1920s, taught at the University of Chicago’s School of Social Service Administration in the 1930s. Her sister Edith Abbot was there as dean.  She was a U.S. delegate to the International Labor Organization in 1935 and 1937.Mary McLeod Bethune had served on presidential commissions under Coolidge and Hoover, but in Roosevelt’s administration, had a larger role. She often spoke alongside Eleanor Roosevelt, who became a friend, and she was part of FDR’s â€Å"kitchen cabinet,† advising him on matters involving African Americans. She helped establish the Federal Committee on Fair Employment Practice which worked to end exclusion and wage discrimination for African Americans in the defense industry. From 1936 to 1944 she headed the Division of Negro Affairs within the National Youth Administration.  She also helped bring together several black women’s organizations into the Nation al Council of Negro Women, which she served as president from 1935 to 1949.